The paper should be written as a debate. Ex. : For argument :
good to use empirical methods / studies
state argument as first sentence
use statistical data
narrative of other theories
need to say WHY the theory is so good if you agree with it
limitations of theory, of methods used YET it is a good theory : compared it with others saying that this one is better, looked at it by itself and say yes it has criticisms yet it has a lot of stuff going for it, connecting it to fact that youre looking at age differences and life course theory
took a stand (life course theory doesnt work) and then attacked it methodologically from various angles.
The essential readings for control theories:
– Criminology Tim Newburn 2013
Book Essential Chapter 11 Control theories (particularly pp. 234-249) Chapter 18 White-collar and corporate crime (pp. 381-415) Chapter 33 Criminal and forensic psychology (particularly pp. 868-870)
– A general theory of crime Michael R. Gottfredson, Travis Hirschi c1990
Book Essential Chapter 5 The Nature of Criminality (pp. 85-120)
– Online resourceThe Handbook of Criminological Theory 13/10/2015
Book Recommended For a more in depth account of the relationship between age, gender and crime see Chapter 2 – Correlates of Crime (pp. 18-36)
– The Oxford handbook of criminology Mike Maguire, Rodney Morgan, Robert Reiner c2012
Book Recommended For an up-to-date summary of the state of life-course criminology see Chapter 18 Critical debates in developmental and life-course criminology
– Online resourceThe Handbook of Criminological Theory 13/10/2015
Book Recommended For a more in-depth treatment of the two main theories of this week see Chapter 7 Hirschis Criminology (pp. 131-142) Chapter 12 Two approaches to Developmental/Life-Course Theorizing(pp. 226-256)
Can mention :
Reiss – disorganisation theory and his study on 1,0000 young white males on probation
Reckless – his containment theory
Matza and Skyes – built on strain theory developing techniques of neutralisation
Travis Hirschi’s – social bond theory and empirical support for that (‘The Causes of Delinquency, or Hisute’s use of self-report survery
Gottfredson and Hirschi’s : Self-control theory and empirical support for that (Grasmick’s 24 item scale to measure the six symptoms of self-control) . Some criticisms of this theory as well such as little attention paid to sociodemographic inequalities or the lack of explanation for white collar crime .
Then could add all this onto Sampson and Laub’s life course theory with Glueck’s longitudinal data . The empirical support for this could be Piquero et al. or Uggen . A criticism would be Muffin’s thoery of offending types.
When talking about looking at other theories and perspectives to explain maybe control theories aren’t always correct, could look at neighbourhoods and crime (readings could be : – Criminology Tim Newburn 2013
Book Essential Read Chapter 9 The Chicago School, subcultures and cultural criminology (pp. 188-192 and 195-196)
– Key readings in criminology Tim Newburn 2009
Book Essential Read Shaw, C. R. and McKay, H. K. (1942). Juvenile delinquency and urban areas
– Juvenile delinquency and urban areas: a study of rates of delinquency in relation to differential characteristics of local communities in American cities Clifford R. Shaw, Henry Donald McKay 1969
Book Essential This is also available in the library as part of Classics in Environmental Criminology by Martin A. Andresen, Paul J. Brantingham, J. Bryan Kinney. (2010)) or could also look at culture and crime (readings could be : – Criminology Tim Newburn 2013
Book Essential Read Chapter 9 The Chicago School, subcultures and cultural criminology (pp. 188-212)
– A rulebook for arguments Anthony Weston c2000
Book Essential Read Chapter 10 Fallacies (pp. 71-78). (in the 4th edition this is an appendix) )
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